Women Artisans in the Peruvian Andes:
Weaving Legacy, Resilience, and Identity

Published March 6, 2025

1. Say Goodbye to Single-Use Plastics

Single-use plastics are a huge environmental problem, but small tweaks in your daily habits can make a big difference:

  • Bring reusable bags: Make or buy groceries and produce bags to use instead of plastic ones. Keep them by the door or in your car so you never forget them.
  • Ditch bottled water: Invest in a reusable water bottle [1]. If tap water isn’t safe, boil or filter it instead.
  • Carry a reusable coffee cup: Even “eco-friendly” disposable cups create waste if not disposed of properly.
  • Pack a zero-waste kit: Include bamboo or metal cutlery, a reusable straw, and a container for takeout. It might take practice, but soon it’ll feel natural.

2. Use Less Water and Energy 

Every drop counts, and every watt matters. Here are a few small changes to reduce your footprint:

  • Shorten your showers: A quick shower saves both water and energy. Bonus: it’s better for your skin too! [2]
  • Turn off the lights: Unplug appliances and switch off lights when you’re not using them [3].
  • Hang clothes to dry: Whenever possible, skip the dryer and hang your clothes. It’s gentler on fabrics and the planet.
  • Flush smarter: If your toilet has an eco-flush option, use it. No eco-flush? Place a filled bottle in the tank to reduce water per flush.

At Arms of Andes we make our gear from 100% Royal Alpaca Wool of 18-18.5 microns.

3. Make Eco-Conscious Food Choices 

Food is one of the easiest ways to live more sustainably:

  • Buy local and seasonal: This reduces transportation emissions and supports local farmers [4].
  • Cook from scratch: Homemade meals usually come with less packaging and waste.
  • Be mindful about meat: Choose ethically raised options, like free-range chicken or grass-fed beef, and support sustainable farming practices. Exploring plant-based meals occasionally can also make a difference [5].
  • Opt for sustainable groceries: Shop at packaging-free or bulk stores. No access? Buy in bulk at your regular store to minimize waste.

4. Rethink Your Transportation Habits 

How you get around affects your carbon footprint. Start small:

  • Walk or bike more: Even once a week can make a difference.
  • Use public transport: Replace car trips with bus or train rides when possible [9].
  • Carpool: Sharing rides with colleagues or friends reduces emissions.
  • Fly less: For shorter trips, consider buses or trains. Offset your carbon emissions for long flights.

5. Choose Sustainable Fashion 

The fashion industry is one of the largest polluters, but your wardrobe can make a difference:

  • Avoid fast fashion: Look for quality over quantity. Cheaper often means corners were cut in ethics and sustainability.
  • Buy second hand: Thrift stores and online resale platforms are great for finding unique, affordable items.
  • Support eco-conscious brands: Do your research and choose brands that prioritize sustainability, like Arms of Andes, which uses 100% alpaca wool and natural dyes [6].
  • Host clothing swaps: A fun way to give new life to unused items in your closet [7].
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6. Upgrade Your Hygiene and Cleaning Habits

Small changes to your personal care and cleaning routines can have a big impact:

  • Switch to bamboo* toothbrushes: Look for ones with compostable bristles and packaging.
  • Choose steel razors: A durable, waste-free alternative to disposable razors.
  • Use natural options: Biodegradable shampoos, soaps, and detergents are better for the planet.
  • Use menstrual cups and fabric sanitary towels: They take a little getting used to, but you won’t go back when you do!
  • Clean with vinegar and baking soda: These simple ingredients work wonders around the house and are free of harmful chemicals [8].

* When choosing products made from bamboo, try to ensure the bamboo comes from sustainable sources.

7. Embrace Nature and DIY Solutions 

Spending time outdoors and trying DIY solutions are both fun and sustainable:

  • Grow your own vegetables: Even a small herb garden on a windowsill can make a difference.
  • Start composting: Turn food scraps into nutrient-rich compost for your garden. No garden? Check if your city collects food waste.
  • Connect with nature: Spending time outside reduces stress and reminds us why protecting the planet matters.
  • Join community initiatives: Participate in clean-ups or tree-planting events.
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8. Be Mindful About Waste

Rethinking how you handle waste is key to sustainable living:

  • Reuse before you recycle: Find new uses for things before throwing them away.
  • Donate or swap: Let someone else enjoy what you no longer need.
  • Avoid expedited shipping: One-day deliveries often mean more vehicles on the road, increasing emissions.
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Sustainable living starts with REDUCING waste, REPAIRING and/or REUSING broken/unused items, before RECYCLING or, when possible, COMPOSTING them.

Why Small Steps Matter

You might think, “Will my tiny changes really help?” The answer is yes. If everyone made just one or two of these adjustments, the collective impact would be enormous. And remember, you don’t have to do everything at once. Pick a couple of these tips to start with, and add more as you go. Before you know it, living sustainably will feel like second nature.

So, are you ready to make 2024 your most sustainable year yet? Small steps today can lead to a greener tomorrow. Let’s get started—one habit at a time!

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At Arms of Andes we make our gear from 100% Royal Alpaca Wool of 18-18.5 microns.

MIDWEIGHT HOODIEWomen's Alpaca Wool Joggers 300 Lightweight

Reading time: 5 minutes
By Lesia Tello & Jordy Munarriz

For centuries, Andean women artisans have woven more than just textiles—they have interlaced history, resilience, and identity into each thread. Their craft is a reflection of cultural heritage passed down through generations, a skill that connects them to their ancestors while securing their future. This blog honors the hands that keep tradition alive, the voices that fight for recognition, and the women whose artistry continues to shape the Andean highlands.

Threads of History: Women and Textile Production in the Andes

Textile production in the Andes dates back thousands of years, with pre-Hispanic societies placing immense cultural and economic value on woven goods. In the Inca Empire, cloth was more than just clothing—it was a symbol of status, tribute, and social hierarchy [1]. Women played a pivotal role in this system. The Acllas, or "Chosen Women", were skilled female weavers selected to create fine textiles for the nobility and religious ceremonies, reinforcing the link between femininity, craft, and power [1].

This deep-rooted tradition persisted beyond the fall of the empire. Despite colonial disruptions, Andean women preserved their textile knowledge, adapting techniques while maintaining ancestral designs and meanings [2]. Today, their weavings remain a form of storytelling, documenting myths, landscapes, and personal narratives through vibrant patterns and natural dyes [3].

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Picture by: Anyela Malaga .

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6. Upgrade Your Hygiene and Cleaning Habits

Small changes to your personal care and cleaning routines can have a big impact:

  • Switch to bamboo* toothbrushes: Look for ones with compostable bristles and packaging.
  • Choose steel razors: A durable, waste-free alternative to disposable razors.
  • Use natural options: Biodegradable shampoos, soaps, and detergents are better for the planet.
  • Use menstrual cups and fabric sanitary towels: They take a little getting used to, but you won’t go back when you do!
  • Clean with vinegar and baking soda: These simple ingredients work wonders around the house and are free of harmful chemicals [8].

* When choosing products made from bamboo, try to ensure the bamboo comes from sustainable sources.

7. Embrace Nature and DIY Solutions 

Spending time outdoors and trying DIY solutions are both fun and sustainable:

  • Grow your own vegetables: Even a small herb garden on a windowsill can make a difference.
  • Start composting: Turn food scraps into nutrient-rich compost for your garden. No garden? Check if your city collects food waste.
  • Connect with nature: Spending time outside reduces stress and reminds us why protecting the planet matters.
  • Join community initiatives: Participate in clean-ups or tree-planting events.

At Arms of Andes we make our gear from 100% Royal Alpaca Wool of 18-18.5 microns.

MIDWEIGHT HOODIEWomen's Alpaca Wool Joggers 300 Lightweight

Crafting Livelihoods: The Economic and Social Role of Andean Women Artisans

In modern times, textile production is not just an art—it is a means of survival. Across the Peruvian Andes, female artisan groups form cooperatives and associations to access fair markets, improve economic stability, and preserve their traditions. Organizations like CIAP (Central Interregional de Artesanos del Perú) and Manuela Ramos provide artisans with training, raw materials, and access to international buyers, ensuring that their work reaches beyond local markets [4].

However, financial stability remains a challenge. Many artisans struggle with seasonal demand fluctuations and income inequality within cooperatives, where access to orders and payments is often uneven [2]. Despite these obstacles, women continue to engage in textile production—not just for economic reasons, but for the social bonds and empowerment these groups offer.

As many artisans express, belonging to a weaving collective is about more than just earning money—it is about sisterhood, self-worth, and community [4]. Weaving circles become safe spaces where women share experiences, support one another, and collectively navigate the challenges of rural life.

Cultural Guardians: The Women Who Preserve Andean Weaving

One of the most influential figures in the preservation of Andean textiles is Nilda Callañaupa Álvarez, a Quechua weaver from Chinchero, Peru. As the founder of the Centro de Textiles Tradicionales del Cusco (CTTC), she has dedicated her life to reviving and promoting traditional weaving techniques, ensuring that future generations inherit and value their cultural heritage [5].

Her work exemplifies the resilience and leadership of Andean women artisans, who often act as educators, activists, and cultural ambassadors. Through initiatives like CTTC, young Quechua girls are learning not only the technical skills of weaving but also the significance of their craft as a form of identity, resistance, and connection to the land.

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Picture by: Rodolfoclix

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For snowboarders, skiers, and winter hikers, weight matters. Every gram counts when you're climbing, carrying gear, or navigating the slopes. Alpaca wool’s unique insulation properties allow for lightweight warmth, meaning you stay protected without unnecessary bulk.

Five Reasons to Choose Alpaca Wool for Snow Sports

Alpaca wool is the ultimate base and mid layer material for tackling the demands of skiing and snowboarding. Its unique properties make it an exceptional choice for base and mid layers, ensuring comfort and performance on the slopes.

1. Exceptional Warmth

Alpaca wool fibers feature semi-hollow cores, providing incredible insulation. Combined with their natural crimp (waviness), these fibers trap heat efficiently, making alpaca wool hoodies and jackets perfect mid-layer options for cold conditions.

2. Breathable and Moisture-Wicking

One of alpaca wool’s standout qualities is its ability to wick moisture away from your skin while remaining highly breathable. This means you stay dry and comfortable, even during intense physical activity. Alpaca wool base layers, such as leggings and shirts, excel in keeping you warm and sweat-free.

3. Temperature Regulation

Alpaca wool’s unique ability to balance warmth and breathability helps regulate your body temperature. Whether you're racing downhill or waiting for the ski lift, alpaca wool keeps you warm in the cold and prevents overheating during activity.

4. Lightweight and Flexible

Thanks to its excellent insulating properties, alpaca wool keeps you warm without adding bulk. This lightweight quality ensures freedom of movement—crucial for maintaining balance and agility on the slopes.

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Relatedcontent

Bamboo:
A fast-growing plant often used for making sustainable products like toothbrushes and cutlery.

Biodegradable:
Materials that can break down naturally without harming the environment.

Bulk stores:
Shops where you can buy products in large quantities, often with minimal packaging. 

Carbon footprint:
The total amount of greenhouse gases produced directly or indirectly by human activities. 

Composting:
A process where organic waste decomposes into nutrient-rich material for gardening.

Ethically raised:
Livestock or poultry that is raised in humane and environmentally responsible ways. 

Fast fashion:
Cheap, mass-produced clothing often linked to environmental and ethical issues. 

Natural dyes:
Coloring substances derived from plants, animals, or minerals, used to color fabrics sustainably. 

The Challenges and Triumphs of Andean Women Artisans Today

Despite their crucial role in cultural preservation, Andean women artisans face economic marginalization, gender inequality, and the pressures of globalization. Fast fashion and mass production threaten traditional textile markets, while the lack of governmental support makes it difficult for artisans to compete in a world driven by cheap synthetic materials.

Yet, their work endures. As demand for handmade, sustainable, and ethically sourced fashion grows, Andean artisans are gaining more visibility on global platforms. Brands committed to fair trade and slow fashion are recognizing the value of their expertise, creating new opportunities for women to earn fair wages and continue practicing their craft.

Moreover, initiatives like “Casa de la Mujer Artesana” provide additional support by integrating social services, such as health care and education, into artisan programs—ensuring that women's well-being is prioritized alongside their economic independence [4].

A Future Woven by Women

Andean women artisans are the guardians of a centuries-old tradition, preserving their heritage while shaping a more equitable future. Their hands weave not just textiles, but resilience, community, and identity—an enduring testament to the strength of women artisans across generations.

Their legacy is a reminder that craftsmanship is more than a skill; it is a language of heritage, a symbol of endurance, and a thread that connects the past, present, and future.

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Picture by: Omar Hernandez

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Glossarykeywords

Acllas ("Chosen Women"):
Elite female weavers in the Inca Empire selected to produce fine textiles for the nobility and religious ceremonies.

Andean Weaving:
A traditional textile-making practice passed down through generations in the Peruvian Andes, using natural fibers and dyes.

Casa de la Mujer Artesana:
A program that integrates social services, such as health care and education, to support female artisans.

Centro de Textiles Tradicionales del Cusco (CTTC):
An organization founded by Nilda Callañaupa Álvarez dedicated to preserving traditional Andean weaving techniques.

CIAP (Central Interregional de Artesanos del Perú):
A cooperative organization that supports Peruvian artisans by providing training, resources, and market access.

Cooperative:
A group of artisans working together to improve economic stability, access fair trade markets, and preserve traditional crafts.

Manuela Ramos:
A feminist NGO in Peru that empowers female artisans by providing training, fair trade opportunities, and economic support.

Nilda Callañaupa Álvarez:
A Quechua weaver and activist dedicated to preserving Andean textile traditions through education and advocacy.

At Arms of Andes we use the finest Royal Alpaca Wool sourced in the Peruvian Andes. The Andean alpacas naturally developed over thousands of years in harsh conditions in high altitudes, creating the perfect fiber for outdoor gear that helps you stay protected in all conditions. Discover our outdoor apparel.

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In the textile industry, companies that produce garments made entirely from Merino wool typically use fibers that are 17.5 microns or finer to minimize any itchiness or roughness, [4] ensuring comfort for their customers. A study conducted by the Division of Dermatology at the University of Louisville in 2019 evaluated the effects of wearing these garments on individuals with skin sensitivities, such as atopic dermatitis or eczema. In the study, 25 participants wore only Merino wool garments of 17.5 microns for six weeks and cotton garments of 21 microns for six weeks more, while another group of 25 followed the reverse order. Participants reported significant changes when switching from cotton to Merino wool, with those who started in Merino wool experiencing a decrease in their eczema during the first weeks. [4]

PropertiesRoyal Alpaca
Wool
CashmereMerino Wool
WeightLightest Light Heavier
Fiber
Structure
Semi-Hollow Solid Solid
Thermal
Capacity
5 x Warmer 3 x Warmer Warm
Water
Retention
Absorbs 10%
of weight
Shrinks
in water
Absorbs 10%
of weight
UV
Protection
YesYesYes
Fiber
Scales
SmoothestSoftestPrickly
Microns
(average)
17.51418
Tensile
Strength
HighestWeakHigh
Odor
Resistance
YesYesYes
Wrinkle
Resistance
YesYesYes
Hypoallergenic
(Lanolin free)
YesYesNo

The Final Verdict: And the Winner Is...

After a comprehensive analysis of alpaca, merino, and cashmere, it's clear that cashmere, while undeniably luxurious, lacks the durability required for outdoor garments. However, it excels as a high-end fiber for special occasions and elegant attire.

In the head-to-head battle between alpaca and merino, alpaca emerges as the undisputed champion! Alpaca wool surpasses merino in warmth, lightness, softness, and strength. It's the ultimate choice for those seeking performance, comfort, and sustainability.

Authors & Researchers

WhatsApp Image 2025-02-18 at 11.57.35.jpeg__PID:4cda6b01-351d-4869-9977-a6831638e3d4

Lesia tello


Biologist and hiking enthusiast with a deep admiration for nature and the intricate mechanisms of life. With a background in biochemistry and a master’s degree in education, she blends science with adventure, exploring how we interact with the natural world and sharing insights on outdoor experiences.

Profile_AOA.jpeg__PID:fc90e08b-0512-4cb6-83ea-c655df8af703

Jordy Munarriz


Environmental Engineer with a master’s degree in renewable energy and a specialization in sustainability. A passionate traveler and advocate for responsible tourism, he captures the essence of exploration through storytelling, inspiring others to connect with nature in a conscious and meaningful way.

Authors & Researchers

WhatsApp Image 2025-02-18 at 11.57.35.jpeg__PID:0d95c7a3-d608-4340-8891-c0dabfb161c0

Lesia tello

Biologist and hiking enthusiast with a deep admiration for nature and the intricate mechanisms of life. With a background in biochemistry and a master’s degree in education, she blends science with adventure, exploring how we interact with the natural world and sharing insights on outdoor experiences.

Profile_AOA.jpeg__PID:fc90e08b-0512-4cb6-83ea-c655df8af703

Jordy Munarriz

Environmental Engineer with a master’s degree in renewable energy and a specialization in sustainability. A passionate traveler and advocate for responsible tourism, he captures the essence of exploration through storytelling, inspiring others to connect with nature in a conscious and meaningful way.

Alpaca wool (particularly the royal and baby alpaca fiber grades) is non-itchy, warm, and performs better than merino and other types of sheep's wool. This makes alpaca wool perfect for your outdoor clothing, slipper socks, and even underwear.

Young alpaca looking at the camera with another in the background

Glossarykeywords

Acllas ("Chosen Women"):
Elite female weavers in the Inca Empire selected to produce fine textiles for the nobility and religious ceremonies.

Andean Weaving:
A traditional textile-making practice passed down through generations in the Peruvian Andes, using natural fibers and dyes.

Casa de la Mujer Artesana:
A program that integrates social services, such as health care and education, to support female artisans.

Centro de Textiles Tradicionales del Cusco (CTTC):
An organization founded by Nilda Callañaupa Álvarez dedicated to preserving traditional Andean weaving techniques.

CIAP (Central Interregional de Artesanos del Perú):
A cooperative organization that supports Peruvian artisans by providing training, resources, and market access.

Manuela Ramos:
A feminist NGO in Peru that empowers female artisans by providing training, fair trade opportunities, and economic support.

Nilda Callañaupa Álvarez:
A Quechua weaver and activist dedicated to preserving Andean textile traditions through education and advocacy.

References:
[1] Costin, C. L. (1998). Housewives, chosen women, skilled men: Cloth production and social identity in the late prehispanic Andes. Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association, 8(1), 123-141. https://doi.org/10.1525/ap3a.1998.8.1.123 2.
[2] Forstner, K. (2013). Women's group‐based work and rural gender relations in the southern Peruvian Andes. Bulletin of Latin American Research, 32(1), 46-60. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-9856.2011.00693.x
[3] Malca, H. Q. (2024). Hilvanando la historia, las memorias y los saberes de las artesanas del telar de qallwa de Cajamarca, Perú. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Cr), 50(183), 31-46.
[4] Forstner, K. (2023). Walking as sisters The social dimension of group-based craft production in the Peruvian Andes. Craft Communities, 71.
[5] Merotto, T. (2021, December 20). El hilo conductor: Mujeres tejen legados en los Andes peruanos. Smithsonian Folklife Magazine. Smithsonian Institution. https://folklife.si.edu/magazine/mujeres-legados-andes-peruanos